Mu 10 BC, mmisiri wakale wachiroma Vitruvius anafotokoza makina onyamulira m'buku lake la zomangamanga.Makinawa ali ndi mlongoti, pamwamba pa mlongoti ali ndi pulley, malo a mlongoti amaikidwa ndi chingwe chokoka, ndipo chingwe chodutsa pa pulley chimakokedwa ndi winchi kuti anyamule zinthu zolemetsa.
M’zaka za m’ma 1500, dziko la Italy linapanga makina otchedwa jib crane kuti athetse vutoli.Crane ili ndi cantilever yokhazikika yokhala ndi pulley pamwamba pa mkono, yomwe imatha kukwezedwa ndikuzunguliridwa.
Chapakati ndi kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, watt atasintha ndikupanga injini ya nthunzi, adapereka mphamvu zopangira makina okweza.Mu 1805, injiniya wa Glen Lenny anamanga gulu loyamba la makina opangira nthunzi padoko la London.Mu 1846, Armstrong wa ku England anasintha crane ku Newcastle dock kukhala hydraulic crane.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, ma cranes a nsanja ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Ulaya.
Crane makamaka imaphatikizapo makina onyamulira, makina ogwiritsira ntchito, makina a luffing, makina ophera ndi chitsulo.Makina okweza ndi njira yoyambira yogwirira ntchito ya crane, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi makina oyimitsidwa ndi ma winchi, komanso kunyamula zinthu zolemetsa kudzera pamagetsi.
Makina ogwiritsira ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusuntha zinthu zolemera motalika komanso mopingasa kapena kusintha malo ogwirira ntchito a crane.Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi mota, zochepetsera, mabuleki ndi gudumu.Makina a luffing amangokhala ndi jib crane.Matalikidwe amachepetsa pamene jib imakwezedwa ndikuwonjezeka pamene imatsitsidwa.Ilo lagawidwa kukhala loyenera luffing ndi unbalanced luffing.Njira yophera imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozungulira boom ndipo imapangidwa ndi chipangizo choyendetsa galimoto komanso chida chowombera.Chitsulo chachitsulo ndi chimango cha crane.Zigawo zazikuluzikulu zonyamula monga mlatho, boom ndi gantry zitha kukhala mawonekedwe a bokosi, kapangidwe ka truss kapena kapangidwe ka intaneti, ndipo ena amatha kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chagawo ngati mtengo wothandizira.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-30-2021